Grasshopper can be used, there have been some other discussions on this in the past as well if you search the software section:
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Depending on your intent depends on how complex things become. The top square mesh pattern is probably fairly easy to achieve using a combination of wrapping features/projected curves and a good bit of manual labor. The second more random fractal is quite a bit more complex in a typical CAD tool. The picture shown looks like it’s from a Sub D modeling tool, but I could be wrong. That level of surface complexity, especially if you try to wrap it around a surface would be very intensive. You may be better looking at an in mold texturing process at that point rather than pure CAD.