Steve,
Sounds like a rough situation. A bit of a bait and switch. Have you had the conversation with your boss that what you were shown in the interview is not what the job is and that you are thinking of leaving? It might be worth a conversation to feel out the situation. If you are met with a lot of resistance you know you should probably prepare to go. Anything less than 2 years is really a cause for question on a resume, so if it is that bad, sweating it out till the 12 month mark won’t help a ton. you will just have to explain it as a bad fit. It ok, that happened, just be aware someone might ask about it so you have an answer ready that is professional but explains the situation.
On references, the reference doesn’t have to be your boss, it could be a co worker, or a manager in another group that you worked with. Having references certainly helps, but people understand that in some cases the immediate supervisor is not the best person to go to for that reference.